Automatic lubricator



(o Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

M. A. BEES.

AUTOMATIC LUBRIGATOR.

idg/Awww@ (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

M. A.DBBS..

AUTOMATIC LUBRIGATOR.

No. 305,678. Patented Se 23, 1884.

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. UNITED STATES' PATENT Ormes.'

MARK A. DEES, OF MOSS POINT, MISSISSIPPI.

AUTOMATIC LUBRICATOR.

SFECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 305,678, dated September 23, 1884.

Application led February 20, 1884.

in connection with locomotive-engines, and is designed to automatically feed the oil or lubricant' to the steam-chest at times when lubrication is most needed, and in suitable and dey termined quantities, as hereinafter more particularly specified.

Figure lis a vertical section of my automatic lubricator as applied to a steam-chest. Fig. 2 is a similar section of thc main reservoir from which the automatic lubricator, Fig. l, is fed, the reservoir being applied to the boiler, as shown. Fig. 3 is a view, upon a reduced scale, showing the connection and relative arrangement of the two parts of the invention represented in Figs. l and 2.

Referring to Fig. 1, Ais the top of the steamchest, and B a part of the cover, a hot-air space, a, being provided between the top and the cover.

C is a vessel, the lower end of which is screwed into the top of the steam-chest, as shown at b. The vessel C is provided with an upper and a lower conical valve-seat, d and c, respectively, the upper seat, d, having its face standing up and being smaller than the seat e, the face of which turns downward. The vessel C is intended to hold enough oil to oil the slide-valve of the engine and the interior of the cylinder vduring one stroke of the piston. A double valve is placed within the vessel C, consistingof a stem, f, and the valves f f" united thereby, the valves corresponding in arrangement and size with the two seats d and e. The length of the stem f is such as to permit of the necessary movement of the double valve, so that when the valve at one end of thestem rests upon its seat the valve at the other end is unseated. At the upper end of the vessel C is an eXteriorly-threaded.neck or gland, g, having a nut,.h, which, with the neck, incloses and secures the flange@- of the bent pipe k, leading to the corresponding pipe, 7c', of themain reservoirFig. 2, the connection being shown in Fig. 3. Resting or suitably (No model.)

secured within an opening cut in the top of the steam chest cover is a jacket, D, which surrounds the vessel C, leaving a hot-air space, c', around it, which communicates with the hot-air space a, existing between the steamA chest and its cover. The upper part or top flange, d, of the jacket D is perforated and surrounds thevneck or gland g of the vessel C, a nut, g', being screwed upon the exterior of the neck or gland, and resting upon the top iiange, d, of the j acket D, as shown. A jacket,

E, surmounts thejacket D, and surrounds the..

gland g, its nut g', and the lower end of the pipe k. Communication is established between the interior of the jacket D and that of the jacket E by apertures d, cut in the top flange, d', of the jacket D. The jacket E is provided with a jacket-pipe, F, extending therefrom, and which surrounds the bend of the pipe k. A nut, k, tits over the eXteriorly-threaded end of the bent pipe k, as shown, and also iucloses the end of the pipe k, which connects with the main reservoir. ,There is a freecirculation of hot air around all parts of the vessel C and its bent pipe connection.

Referring to Fig. 2, the fountain or main reservoir G is mounted upon a globe-valve, G', the shank m of which is screwed to the Vlocomotive-boiler, as shown.` The fountain or reservoir need not be attached to the boiler, but

4may be conveniently located in the cab and,

connected by a pipe to the boiler. Either one reservoir may be used with a pipe leading to each cylinder, or a separate reservoir for each cylinder. The globe-valve G is double, hav@ ing ahorizontally-working valve, o, and a vertically-moving valve, p, the stem of which is threaded at its lower part, m, and works in the threaded base of the reservoir. The base is perforated at m. The liquefying of thelu bricant is effected through the medium of thc pipe lo', which is closed at the top and open at the bottom, the lower end leading into the space p back of the valve o, so that there is al ways communication between the pipe p and the interior of the boiler. The pipe p extends upward into and nearly to the top ofthe main reservoir. The oil or tallow is admitted. to the reservoirthrough the opening q, which may, if desired, be large enough to admit lumps of tallow. The opening is closed by a suitable IOO cap. :The valve. p closes communication between the interior of the main Vreservoir and the pipe leading to the automatic oiler, Fig. 1.

When the throttle-valve of the engine is opened and steam admitted into the steami chest, the pressure at once closes the valve f,

voir with the boiler-steam, closed. While using steam, the larger and lower valve, f, of thestem fin the vessel C will be closed, and

` the smaller or upper valve, f', open, and the When steam is shut vessel C will ll with oil.

off from the engine, it becomes important that the oil should begin to 110W at once to the steamchest. This is effected automatically by the gravity of the oil and the vacuum produced in the engine-cylinder and steam-chest, the valve i f falling, and thus closing the upper valve and preventing theinflow of oil to the vesselC. Suppose the engine to be approaching several short downgrades in the road, where it becomes necessary to shut off steam, and whereV itis not desired to use much oil, or suppose the engine is engaged in switching in ayardl or at side tracks and the engineer does not wish to use oil every time he shuts'off steam. In either of these cases, or in similar contingencies, all that is necessary to be done is that the-valve p shall be closed,.which at once stops the feed of oil fromfthe main reservoir to the vessel C. 'i

The lower valve, f, is made larger than the upper one, f, for several reasons. First, itis ,desirable that the vessel C shall ll slowly and empty quickly; hence the small valve is used above and the larger valve below. Then, supposing the engine to be drawing along train up aheav'y grade, it would be ineXpedient to shut offfsteam. Now, considering that the pressure in the boiler is always greater than in the steam-chest, the engineer'would close the valve p and' open the valve o, and thes'team from the 5'5 boiler passing through the pipes lc" k will partially open the valve f, but not fully close the valve f', and in this way the engineer could, if'desired, run all the oil out of the vessel C and'into the steam-chest and cylinder. 6o important function of the valve o is thusse'en'. v This last contingency will, however, rarely arise. The pipes and lubricator could also iny If it is desired to take off the steam-chest cover, the nut k must be'unscrewed, which alopen and the valve o, that connects the reserl The spacef substantially as set forth.

lows the jacket E to be lifted. Bythen unscrewing the nuts h and geall is left clear.

The main reservoir G may be made of metal or glass. If made of glass, the feed of oil will 7o be visible. e

Having described my invention, I claiml. In a lubricator, the, combination of a main reservoir and a vessel communicating therewith, provided with a duplex valve hav- 75 ing a single stem, each end vof the valve being adapted to be alternately seated and unseated substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

2. In a lubricator, the combination of a. main/reservoir and a vessel having valves of 8o unequal areas on a common stem, and pipeconnections, substantially` as set forth.

- 3. In a lubricator, an oil-vessel surroundedV by a hot-air jacket, substantially as set forth.v

4. -In a lubricator, an oil-,vesselv and pipeconnections surrounded by hot-air jackets, sub- `Stantially asset forth.

5; In a1ubricator,an oil-vessel adapted to :screw into the steam-chest, combined with a hot-air jacket surrounding said vessel, and; 9o ad aptedto communicate with the hot-'air space surrounding the steam-chest, substantially as set forth.

6. In a lubricator, an oil-vessel adapted to be secured to the steam-chest and having-suitablel pipe-connections, combined with hot-air jackets adapted to-communicate with the hotyair space about the steam-chest, substantially as set forth.

`substantially as set forth.

9. In a lubricator,a vesselprovided with differential valves'upona common stem, combined with a main fountain or reservoir communicating with the boiler-steam, and suitable pipeconnections and valves, whereby oil 'maybe applied from the main fountain or reservoir tothe oil-vessel, and automatically fedther'efrom 'to the steam chest or cylinder, substantially as set forth.

10. In a lubricator, a main fountain or reservoir, combined with a close-ended' pipe eX- tending thereinto, and having constant coinmunication with the boiler-steam,l substantially as Seti forth A11'. In a'lubricator, a mainfountainlor reservoir, combined with a'globe-valve' having a space in constant communication with the boilerlste'aimand providedl with apipe'havingits upper end closed' and reachinginto the'm'ain fountain orreservoir, and its lower end:r open and in communication with `said 12.- In a lubricator, ya 'mainibuntainj-or-res-L :evoir'having its 1base perforated, and'scewed upon a globe-valve having constant communication'with the boiler-steam, substantially as set forth.

13. In a lubricator, a main fountain or reservoir having the vertically-moving screwvalve p, combined with the globe-valve G, provided with the horizontally-moving valve o and the pipe p', substantially as set forth.

14. In a system of lubrication, the method of feeding oil to the steam chest 0r cylinder of the engine, by admitting steam from the boiler to a vessel containing oil, and balancing the pressure through the medium of valves of different area arranged Within said vessel, substantially as set forth.

15. In the system of lubrication, the method of feeding oil automatically to the steam chest or cylinder, and in determined quantities, when the engine is ruiming Without steam, by allowing the oil to How by gravity, and by the vacuum produced in the cylinder of the engine, from a vessel charged from a'main reservoir,

during the time when the engine is running under steam, through the medium of gravitating differential valves arranged in the oil-vessel, 2 5

between the mainreservoir and the oil-ves-*go sel, and opening communication betwcenthe boiler-steam and said vessel, whereby the eX- cess of pressure in the boiler over that in the steam chest, acting upon the differential valves, will hold both valves partially opengg and allow the oil to pass from the oil-vessel tothe steam-chest, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 16th day of February, A. D. 1884.

MARK A. DEES. Witnesses:

VILLIAM REED, E. C. LINGAN. 

